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124 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
124 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
# Tailsitter VTOL
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A **Tailsitter VTOL** takes off and lands on its tail, but flips into the fixed-wing orientation for normal flight.
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The tailsitter rotors are permanently fixed in position for forward flight.
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Tailsitters are typically mechanically less complex than [other types of VTOL](../frames_vtol/index.md), and hence may be less expensive to build and maintain.
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However they are aerodynamically more complex, and can be harder to tune and fly for hover and transition, particularly in windy conditions.
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## Tailsitter Airframes
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:::: tabs
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::: tab Duo Tailsitter
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Two rotor VTOL that uses elevons to flip from hover into fixed-wing flight.
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- Forward flight more efficient
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- Hover harder to fly, particularly in wind
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- Hover and transition harder to tune
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- More compact form factor
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:::
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::: tab VTOL Tailsitter
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VTOL with optional elevons. Uses rotors to transition between modes (along with elevons if present).
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- Hover mode easier to fly and more stable
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- Less compact form factor (harder to transport)
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- "X" and "+" rotor configurations are supported (see Airframe Reference)
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:::
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::::
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Duo Tailsitters are generally more efficient in cruise flight (4 smaller propellers are less efficient than 2 larger ones) and physically more compact.
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However as they are aerodynamically much more complex in hover mode, they are much harder to tune for both hover and transition.
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Quad tailsitters are easier to fly in hover mode, and more stable in windy conditions.
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Both are supported using the same aiframe type in PX4.
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## Setup/Flying
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VTOL setup and flying are covered in the [VTOL](../frames_vtol/index.md) parent topic.
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::: info
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The instructions are essentially the same for all VTOL.
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The main frame-specific differences are the motor wiring, and some aspects of tuning the configuration.
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:::
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## Build Logs
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Step-by-step guides of how to set up PX4 on tailsitter frames are listed below:
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- [TBS Caipiroshka Tailsitter Build (Pixracer)](../frames_vtol/vtol_tailsitter_caipiroshka_pixracer.md)
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:::tip
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We recommend that you also review build logs for other PX4 VTOL, and Copter vehicles (most of the setup is the same).
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:::
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## Videos
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This section contains videos that are specific to Tailsitter VTOL (videos that apply to all VTOL types can be found in [VTOL](../frames_vtol/index.md)).
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### Duo
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---
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[TBS Caipiroshka](../frames_vtol/vtol_tailsitter_caipiroshka_pixracer.md) - Tailsitter takeoff (close up), hover, level flight, transitions.
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<lite-youtube videoid="acG0aTuf3f8" title="PX4 VTOL - Call for Testpilots"/>
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---
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[Woshark](http://www.laarlab.cn/#/) _PX4 Tailsitter prototype_ - Tailsitter takeoff, transition, landing.
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<!-- provided by slack user xdwgood: https://github.com/PX4/PX4-user_guide/issues/2328#issuecomment-1467234118 -->
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<!-- Update issue https://github.com/PX4/PX4-user_guide/issues/3007 -->
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<lite-youtube videoid="gjHj6YsxcZk" title="PX4 Autopilot Tailsitter"/>
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### Quad
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[UAV Works VALAQ Patrol Tailsitter](https://www.valaqpatrol.com/valaq_patrol_technical_data/) - Tailsitter takeoff, transition, landing.
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<lite-youtube videoid="pWt6uoqpPIw" title="UAV Works VALAQ"/>
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## Gallery
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<div class="grid_wrapper three_column">
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<div class="grid_item">
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<div class="grid_item_heading"><big><a href="https://wingtra.com/mapping-drone-wingtraone/">WingtraOne</a></big></div>
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<div class="grid_text">
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<img src="../../assets/airframes/vtol/wingtraone/hero.jpg" title="Wingtra: WingtraOne VTOL Duo Tailsitter" alt="wingtraone" />
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="grid_item">
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<div class="grid_item_heading"><big><a href="https://www.skypull.technology/">Skypull</a></big></div>
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<div class="grid_text">
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<img title="Skypull SP-1 VTOL QuadTailsitter" src="../../assets/airframes/vtol/skypull/skypull_sp1.jpg" />
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="grid_item">
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<div class="grid_item_heading"><big><a href="../frames_vtol/vtol_tailsitter_caipiroshka_pixracer.html">TBS Caipiroshka</a></big></div>
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<div class="grid_text">
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<img title="TBS Caipiroshka" src="../../assets/airframes/vtol/caipiroshka/caipiroshka.jpg" />
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="grid_item">
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<div class="grid_item_heading"><big><a href="http://uav-cas.ac.cn/WOSHARK/">Woshark</a></big></div>
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<div class="grid_text">
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<img title="Woshark" src="../../assets/airframes/vtol/xdwgood_ax1800/hero.jpg" />
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="grid_item">
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<div class="grid_item_heading"><big><a href="https://www.valaqpatrol.com/valaq_patrol_technical_data/">UAV Works VALAQ Patrol Tailsitter</a></big></div>
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<div class="grid_text">
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<img title="UAV Works VALAQ Patrol Tailsitter" src="../../assets/airframes/vtol/uav_works_valaq_patrol/hero.jpg" />
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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