Ok, all this hand-rolled option parsing is lame. Let's have a dose of getopt_long.

2026-10-20 05:13:34 +08:00 · 2012-09-08 21:52:29 -07:00
parent 27c5cef054
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+/****************************************************************************
+
+getopt.h - Read command line options
+
+AUTHOR: Gregory Pietsch
+CREATED Thu Jan 09 22:37:00 1997
+
+DESCRIPTION:
+
+The getopt() function parses the command line arguments.  Its arguments argc
+and argv are the argument count and array as passed to the main() function
+on program invocation.  The argument optstring is a list of available option
+characters.  If such a character is followed by a colon (`:'), the option
+takes an argument, which is placed in optarg.  If such a character is
+followed by two colons, the option takes an optional argument, which is
+placed in optarg.  If the option does not take an argument, optarg is NULL.
+
+The external variable optind is the index of the next array element of argv
+to be processed; it communicates from one call to the next which element to
+process.
+
+The getopt_long() function works like getopt() except that it also accepts
+long options started by two dashes `--'.  If these take values, it is either
+in the form
+
+--arg=value
+
+ or
+
+--arg value
+
+It takes the additional arguments longopts which is a pointer to the first
+element of an array of type GETOPT_LONG_OPTION_T, defined below.  The last
+element of the array has to be filled with NULL for the name field.
+
+The longind pointer points to the index of the current long option relative
+to longopts if it is non-NULL.
+
+The getopt() function returns the option character if the option was found
+successfully, `:' if there was a missing parameter for one of the options,
+`?' for an unknown option character, and EOF for the end of the option list.
+
+The getopt_long() function's return value is described below.
+
+The function getopt_long_only() is identical to getopt_long(), except that a
+plus sign `+' can introduce long options as well as `--'.
+
+Describe how to deal with options that follow non-option ARGV-elements.
+
+If the caller did not specify anything, the default is REQUIRE_ORDER if the
+environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT is defined, PERMUTE otherwise.
+
+REQUIRE_ORDER means don't recognize them as options; stop option processing
+when the first non-option is seen.  This is what Unix does.  This mode of
+operation is selected by either setting the environment variable
+POSIXLY_CORRECT, or using `+' as the first character of the optstring
+parameter.
+
+PERMUTE is the default.  We permute the contents of ARGV as we scan, so that
+eventually all the non-options are at the end.  This allows options to be
+given in any order, even with programs that were not written to expect this.
+
+RETURN_IN_ORDER is an option available to programs that were written to
+expect options and other ARGV-elements in any order and that care about the
+ordering of the two.  We describe each non-option ARGV-element as if it were
+the argument of an option with character code 1.  Using `-' as the first
+character of the optstring parameter selects this mode of operation.
+
+The special argument `--' forces an end of option-scanning regardless of the
+value of `ordering'.  In the case of RETURN_IN_ORDER, only `--' can cause
+getopt() and friends to return EOF with optind != argc.
+
+COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER:
+
+Copyright (C) 1997 Gregory Pietsch
+
+This file and the accompanying getopt.c implementation file are hereby 
+placed in the public domain without restrictions.  Just give the author 
+credit, don't claim you wrote it or prevent anyone else from using it.
+
+Gregory Pietsch's current e-mail address:
+gpietsch@comcast.net
+****************************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef GETOPT_H
+#define GETOPT_H
+
+/* include files needed by this include file */
+
+/* macros defined by this include file */
+#define NO_ARG          0
+#define REQUIRED_ARG    1
+#define OPTIONAL_ARG    2
+
+/* types defined by this include file */
+
+/* GETOPT_LONG_OPTION_T: The type of long option */
+typedef struct GETOPT_LONG_OPTION_T
+{
+  char *name;                   /* the name of the long option */
+  int has_arg;                  /* one of the above macros */
+  int *flag;                    /* determines if getopt_long() returns a
+                                 * value for a long option; if it is
+                                 * non-NULL, 0 is returned as a function
+                                 * value and the value of val is stored in
+                                 * the area pointed to by flag.  Otherwise,
+                                 * val is returned. */
+  int val;                      /* determines the value to return if flag is
+                                 * NULL. */
+} GETOPT_LONG_OPTION_T;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif
+
+  /* externally-defined variables */
+  extern char *optarg;
+  extern int optind;
+  extern int opterr;
+  extern int optopt;
+
+  /* function prototypes */
+  int getopt (int argc, char **argv, char *optstring);
+  int getopt_long (int argc, char **argv, char *shortopts,
+                   GETOPT_LONG_OPTION_T * longopts, int *longind);
+  int getopt_long_only (int argc, char **argv, char *shortopts,
+                        GETOPT_LONG_OPTION_T * longopts, int *longind);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+};
+
+#endif
+
+#endif /* GETOPT_H */
+
+/* END OF FILE getopt.h */